surface n. 1.表面;地面;水面;广场,空地。 2.外观,外表,皮毛。 3.【几】面;切口;【航空】翼面。 adj. 表面的;地面的,水面的;外观的,外表上的;(对高架及地下铁路说的)平地上的;(对矿井内说的)矿井外的。 an adjusting surface 【航空】调节板。 a supporting surface 【航空】支持面积。 a plane surface 平面。 surfaces in contact =rubbing surfaces 摩擦面。 look at the surface only 只看外表。 One never gets below the surface with him. 人们无法看透他的内心。 a surface raider 海上突击舰。 look below [beneath] the surface of things 看到事物的内部。 of the surface 外观上的,表面的。 on the surface 表面上,外表上。 vt. 为…装面[配面],对…作表面处理;使成平面;掘开…的地面;铺(路面);使(潜艇)浮出水面。 vi. 地面采掘,井外劳动;浮出水面。
We have developed the theory of boundary shielding approximation of electric polarization , from which the values of spontaneous polarization of some typical ferroelectric materials can be derived . the shielded charges in ferroelectricity are in the state of surface bound polaron - dipole whose creation and annihilation must span a potential barrier . by introducing statistical method , four types of typical electric hysteresis loops of some common crystals and ceramics have been given , which are well consistent with the experimental results 利用电极化的边界屏蔽近似,可计算出一些典型铁电单晶的自发极化强度.铁电屏蔽电荷处于表面束缚极化子偶状态,其产生和湮没要跨越位垒.由统计方法给出的一些常见晶体和陶瓷的四种典型电滞回线形状,和实验观察到的结果一致